Earlier this week, Osama bin Laden declared dead in Pakistan. Certainty of death 54-year-old man was immediately conveyed U.S. President Barack Obama. Osama killed in a joint intelligence operation between the U.S. and Pakistan.
Osama's death left a big job for his followers. Al-Qaeda network threatened the construction of funding difficulties.
So far, the majority of financing for Al-Qaeda, in the 1990s and the 2000s, came from Osama bin Laden's personal wealth is estimated at around U.S. $ 300 million. Another source from the heroin trade and donations.
For a long time, Western countries have been trying to track the flow of funds to al-Qaeda. In fact, they seek to close access to funds for the organization describes as the international terrorist network.
According to page dailyfinance.com, one of the influential figures in the action of raising funds for al-Qaeda is Abd al Hamid al Mujil. As executive director of the International Islamic Relief Organization (IIRO), Mujil around the world. He collects donations for various Islamic groups, one of which is Al-Qaeda.
However, since 2006, the U.S. Treasury Department and the Security Council of the United Nations (UN) has asked him to stop raising funds for international terrorist networks. The two agencies also prohibit companies in the U.S. and UN member states to work together with Mujil.
In the process, two institutions that claim to have cut a large financial flows to terrorist groups.
In fact, as quoted by Forbes, donations and contributions from various groups who want to support terrorist activities are still ongoing. In fact, no single country that tries to prevent terrorist acts which fund disbursements were made in cash.
David Cohan, an official who has been nominated as Assistant U.S. Treasury Secretary in the field of terrorism and financial crimes, in a hearing with the U.S. Senate Committee recently said, "The government does not focus on the prevention of terrorist financing that occurred in other countries."
Report of the Commission on 11 September also concludes that Al-Qaeda had many avenues of financing. Easily, they find new funding sources, primarily related network operation costs only U.S. $ 400 thousand to $ 500 thousand. The commission says the financial support of Al-Qaeda did not come from Osama bin Laden's wealth in private.
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) estimates that even Al-Qaeda's operational costs before the 11 September 2001 attacks around U.S. $ 30 million per year or equivalent to Rp270 billion. "And this money almost entirely through donations," the report said as quoted by the Associated Press.
U.S. officials had found information in early 2000 that in 1970-1994, Osama bin Laden received $ 1 million per year.
Dana saggy?
Osama's death in the short term will likely be an opportunity to raise money for terror groups that traditionally are dependent on donations. In fact, the condition is thought to promote the efforts of Al-Qaeda in raising funds in the coming weeks.
However, in the long run, the absence would deprive Osama Al-Qaeda to finance their operations. "Usually, the contributor of this fund will deliver funds to the Al-Qaeda's inner circle, and this circle will use the funds," said Matthew Levitt, who worked at the U.S. Treasury of terrorism and financial intelligence units as quoted by Forbes.
Levitt estimates that, currently, the contributors to this fund can only be associated with a party whose location may not be far away from them. "Contributors do not need these funds directly to Al-Qaeda's inner circle," he said.
Al-Qaeda so far actually are in poor financial condition. This terrorist network is also struggling to maintain its position in the Arab world in the midst of demonstrations and overthrow the power of a dictator by the angry residents.
Amid these conditions, al-Qaeda still require financial resources not only to finance the attack. They need funds for operating costs, bribing officials, travel, and finance the shelter needs a $ 1 million for the leaders in the region of Pakistan.
Currently, Al-Qaeda terrorist network has changed its business model after the government of the United States and its allies stop outsiders efforts to inject funds for al-Qaeda through the financial system. Additionally, allied forces also have killed several al-Qaeda's sources of funds such as Mustafa Al Yazid and Abdul Gani.
Al-Qaeda is now only able to use a centralized financial system by relying on a number of affiliates around the world to raise their own funds, conduct their own operations, even returned the money to the headquarters of Al-Qaeda.
'Franchises' of al-Qaeda as there are in Yemen and northern Africa, which is now organized crime such as kidnapping, has now run its own. Network and operating partner of Al-Qaeda is operating in a country that stability is uncertain, which had previously been the location for recruiting new members and funding.
Costly Business
Financial issue for Al-Qaeda no longer a public secret. Terrorism is a 'business' that expensive. In fact, another notorious terrorist, Baader Meinhof and Josef Stalin, was forced to rob a bank to fund a series of actions.
Some supporters even took Robin Hood-style fundraising. However, this method is considered to damage the image of revolutionary. For example, terrorists classmate Carlos 'The Jackal' who claim to have a fund of U.S. $ 30 million ransom for the financing of terror in private.
When Osama bin Laden's terrorist acts to divert the focus of Western countries, he formed a fundraising network that is obtained from the charity until the sale of opium.
However, the absence of a strong central authority, the cells of Al-Qaeda must find their own funding sources. In many cases, they often turn to find funding through the action of a crime.
A group in North Africa, namely Al-Qaeda in Islamic Maghreb smuggle cocaine from South America to Europe through North Africa. Other affiliates also have run the smuggling of narcotics through New York City.
However, transactions of heroin in Afghanistan remains a strong source of revenue, as well as kidnapping attempts. Some elements of the terrorist group has even discussed the possibility to move the raise funds through piracy.
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